Microplastics: A hidden threat to midlife women

In recent years, you've likely heard plenty about microplastics and their negative environmental impact. But have you considered how these tiny, chemical-laden particles might affect your hormones, especially during midlife? 

The double trouble of microplastics

Microplastics pose two significant problems for our bodies:

1. Physical invasion. These microscopic plastic particles can infiltrate various organs in our body. Recent studies have found microplastics in blood vessels, testicles, and even ovaries. Once there, they can disrupt normal bodily functions.
   
   
2. Chemical warfare. Microplastics are not just inert particles; they're often loaded with endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). These chemicals can wreak havoc on our hormone systems.

The EDC-microplastic connection

A comprehensive 2022 review highlighted the alarming relationship between microplastics and EDCs. The study noted that over 1,000 chemicals are classified as endocrine disruptors due to their ability to alter hormone synthesis, secretion, transport, and action. Many of these EDCs are associated with microplastics.

Some common EDCs found in microplastics include:

• Phthalates
• Bisphenols (like BPA)
• PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances)

Impact on perimenopause and menopause

So, what does this mean for women approaching or going through menopause? The effects can be significant:

1. Earlier onset of menopause. A 2015 study published in PLOS ONE found that women with higher levels of EDCs and microplastics in their bodies experienced menopause 2-4 years earlier than those with lower levels.
   
   
2. More severe symptoms. Women with higher EDC levels, particularly phthalates and PFAS, reported more severe menopause symptoms. This included more frequent and intense hot flashes, as well as other common menopausal discomforts.

Protecting yourself: practical steps

While it's impossible to completely avoid exposure to microplastics and EDCs in our modern world, there are steps you can take to reduce your exposure:

1. Safe food storage. Use glass or stainless steel containers instead of plastic. Never microwave food in plastic containers, as heat can cause chemicals to leach into the food.
   
   
2. Choose natural personal care products. Many fragranced products contain phthalates. Look for natural, fragrance-free alternatives for your skincare and cosmetics.
   
   
3. Filter your water. Invest in a filter certified to remove PFAS from your drinking water. This can significantly reduce your exposure to these persistent chemicals.
   
   
4. Avoid plastic packaging. Choose products with minimal plastic packaging or those packaged in glass or paper.
   
   
5. Dust and vacuum regularly. Microplastics can accumulate in household dust. Regular cleaning can help reduce your exposure.
   
   
6. Choose natural fabrics. When washed, synthetic fabrics can release microfibers (a type of microplastic). Opt for natural fibers like cotton, wool, or linen when possible.

The bigger picture

While individual actions are important, it's crucial to recognize that this is a systemic issue. Supporting policies that reduce plastic production and promote safer alternatives can have a broader impact on reducing microplastic pollution and EDC exposure for everyone.

Stay informed, make conscious choices, and remember that small changes can significantly affect your hormonal health during perimenopause and beyond.

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References

1. Ullah S, Ahmad S, Guo X, Ullah S, Ullah S, Nabi G, Wanghe K. A review of the endocrine disrupting effects of micro and nano plastic and their associated chemicals in mammals. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Jan 16;13:1084236. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1084236
2. Grindler, N. M., Allsworth, J. E., Macones, G. A., Kannan, K., Roehl, K. A., & Cooper, A. R. (2015). Persistent Organic Pollutants and Early Menopause in U.S. Women. PLOS ONE, 10(1), e0116057. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116057